Sakhalin Project 2

The Sakhalin II LNG plant is the first of its kind in Russia. It is located in Prigorodnoye in the south of Sakhalin Island, 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Korsakov. It will receive, treat, process and liquefy natural gas. Construction of the LNG plant was carried out by OAO Nipigaspererabothka (Nipigas) and the KhimEnergo consortium, together with two Japanese companies Chiyoda Corporation and Toyo Engineering.
A special gas liquefaction process was developed by Shell for use in cold climates such as Sakhalin, based on the use of a double mixed refrigerant (DMR). This advanced technology was adapted to ensure maximum production efficiency in the very, cold conditions of Sakhalin’s winters.
The complex includes:
Two 100,000 m³ LNG storage tanks
An LNG jetty
Two LNG processing trains, each with a capacity of 4.8 million tons of LNG per annum
Two refrigerant storage spheres, 1,600 m³ each (gross capacity) for propane and ethane storage
A diesel fuel system
A heat transfer fluid (HTF) system for the supply of heat to various process consumers
Five gas turbine driven generators with a total capacity of around 129 MW electrical power
Utility systems including instrument air and nitrogen plants and diesel fuel systems
A waste water treatment plant to treat both sewage water and coil-containing water.
The plant has been designed to prevent major loss of containment in the event of an earthquake – i.e. no major loss of LNG - and to ensure the structural integrity of critical elements such as emergency shut down valves and the control room of the plant. If necessary, the plant can safely be shut down. Royal Dutch Shell estimates that the LNG plant will have the ability to meet eight percent of the world’s current LNG demand, 9.6 million tonnes of LNG per year.The consortium is examining the possibility of adding another train.

The LNG plant has two LNG double-walled, storage tanks with a capacity of 100,000 m³ each. LNG will be exported via an 805 metres (2,640 ft) jetty in Aniva Bay. The jetty is fitted with four arms – two loading arms, one dual purpose arm and one vapour return arm. The upper deck is designed for a road bed and electric cables. The lower deck is used for the LNG pipeline, communication lines and a footpath. LNG is pumped from the storage tanks into the parallel loading lines which are brought to the LNG jetty. At the jetty head, the pipelines are connected with the jetty's four loading arms. The water depth at the tail of the jetty is 14 metres (46 ft). The jetty will service LNG tankers which have capacities of between 18,000 m³ and 145,000 m³. Loading operations are estimated to take from six to 16 hours, depending on vessel capacity. The jetty will be able to handle loading of around 160 LNG carriers per year.
The LNG plant was inaugurated on 18 February 2009. The first cargo is expected to load to the LNG carrier Grand Aniva at the end of March 2009. Contracts for the supply of LNG have been signed with:

Kyūshū Electric Power Company: 0.5 million tonnes per annum - 24 years (June 2004)
Shell Eastern Trading Ltd: 37 million tonnes over a 20 year period (October 2004)
Tokyo Gas: 1.1 million tonnes per annum - 24 years (February 2005)
Toho Gas: 0.5 million tonnes per annum - 24 years (June 2005)
Korea Gas Corporation: 1.5 million tonnes per annum - 20 years (July 2005)
Hiroshima Gas Co.Ltd: 0.21 million tonnes per annum -20 years (April 2006)
Tōhoku Electric Power Company: 0.42 million tonnes per annum - 20 years (May 2006)
Osaka Gas: 0.20 million tonnes per annum - 20 years (February 2007)
Chūbu Electric Power Company: 0.5 million tonnes per annum - 15 years (August 2007)